PSA ratio (free to total)
PSA result
Understand
your markers.
Find out what the markers on your lab report measure and how their reference ranges work.
84 markers
Understand it
CK (creatine kinase)
a muscle enzyme affected by exercise and injury
Haemoglobin (Hb)
The oxygen-carrying protein in your blood
Haematocrit (EVF)
share of red cells in your blood
Red blood cells (EPK)
number of red cells
MCV
the size of your red cells
MCH
haemoglobin per red cell
MCHC
haemoglobin concentration in your red cells
RDW
variation in red cell size
Differential
the breakdown of your white cells
Platelets (TPK)
platelets - the cells that help blood clot
White blood cells (LPK)
white blood cells that fight infection
Ferritin
your iron stores
Iron
iron currently moving in your blood
Transferrin
the protein that carries iron
Transferrin saturation
the share of iron-carrying capacity being used
Total cholesterol
your overall cholesterol level
HDL cholesterol
cholesterol carried in HDL
LDL cholesterol
the main cholesterol risk factor
Non-HDL cholesterol
total cholesterol minus HDL cholesterol
Triglycerides
a type of blood fat used for energy
Apolipoprotein A1
the main protein in HDL particles
Apolipoprotein B
a protein in particles that carry cholesterol
ApoB to ApoA1 ratio
the calculated ratio of ApoB to ApoA1
Lipoprotein(a)
a largely inherited cardiovascular risk marker
TIBC
your blood's total capacity to carry iron
Homocysteine
an amino acid linked to B-vitamin metabolism
CRP
a nonspecific inflammation marker
hs-CRP
a sensitive measurement of CRP
ESR
how quickly red blood cells settle in a sample
IL-6
a messenger used by the immune system
HbA1c
long-term blood sugar
Glucose
your blood sugar right now
Insulin
a hormone that helps regulate blood sugar
C-peptide
a measure of the body's own insulin production
TSH
the hormone signal that helps control the thyroid
Free T4
thyroid hormone T4 that is not bound to protein
Free T3
thyroid hormone T3 that is not bound to protein
TPO antibodies
antibodies associated with autoimmune thyroid disease
Thyroglobulin antibodies
antibodies that react with a thyroid protein
TRAb
antibodies that bind to the thyroid's TSH receptor
Vitamin D (25-OH)
the blood measure used to assess vitamin D supply
Vitamin B12
needed for nerves and red cells
Folate (B9)
helps your body make new cells
Vitamin A (Retinol)
for vision, immunity, and skin
Vitamin E (alpha-Tocopherol)
a vitamin that helps protect cell membranes
Holotranscobalamin
the portion of B12 available for cells to take up
Magnesium
For muscle and nerve function
Zinc
for immunity, healing, and taste
Selenium
a mineral needed in small amounts for enzyme function
Copper
for iron metabolism and connective tissue
Estradiol
a form of the hormone estrogen
Progesterone
a hormone that can support evidence of recent ovulation
FSH
a hormone signal to the ovaries or testes
LH
a hormone signal involved in reproductive function
Testosterone
a hormone involved in reproductive and muscle function
Free (bioactive) testosterone
hormone result
Testosterone to SHBG ratio
testosterone compared with its binding protein
SHBG
a protein that carries sex hormones in the blood
DHEA-S
a hormone made mainly by the adrenal glands
Prolactin
a pituitary hormone that can affect periods and sex hormones
AMH
a hormone used to assess ovarian reserve
IGF-1
a hormone that helps assess growth-hormone activity
Cortisol (serum)
a hormone from the adrenal glands with a daily rhythm
Cortisol saliva (4-point)
salivary cortisol at several collection times
ALT
an enzyme measured in liver blood tests
AST
a liver and muscle enzyme
ALP
a liver and bone enzyme
GGT
a liver and bile duct enzyme
Bilirubin
a breakdown product of old red cells
Albumin
a blood protein made by the liver
Creatinine
how well your kidneys filter
Cystatin C
a protein used to estimate kidney filtering
Uric acid
a marker used in gout and stone assessment
Urea
kidney function and hydration
Sodium
your fluid balance
Potassium
essential for heart and muscle
Chloride
an electrolyte involved in fluid and acid-base balance
Calcium
for bones, muscles, and nerves
Phosphate
for bone health and energy
PSA
a protein produced by the prostate
Free PSA
PSA result
Anti-CCP
antibodies checked when assessing joint inflammation
RF IgM
an antibody used when assessing joint symptoms